Documents for the Beckham Law when you work remotely for a foreign employer

The documents, one by one

In the order a professional would ask for them. The first item is the one that starts your deadline.

1. 01

   Social Security registration (alta) showing the date

   Why it matters

   It is the date the 6-month clock starts from. AEAT checks it against Social Security’s own records.

   Where to get it

   Your employer registers you. Ask HR for the registration resolution, or download the “informe de vida laboral” from the Social Security portal.

   The usual mistake

   Counting the 6 months from your arrival or your contract date instead of the registration.

2. 02

   Passport and NIE

   Why it matters

   Identifies you on Modelo 149 and every later filing.

   Where to get it

   The NIE is issued by the police (Extranjería) in Spain or by a Spanish consulate before you travel. EU citizens receive it with their registration certificate.

   The usual mistake

   Filing with a passport number only. The form asks for the NIE.

3. 03

   Proof of tax residence abroad for the last 5 years

   Why it matters

   You must not have been a Spanish tax resident in the five tax years before the move, and the burden of proof is yours.

   Where to get it

   Tax returns, assessments or residence certificates from the country you lived in, for each of those years.

   The usual mistake

   Gaps. If you spent a year travelling with no tax residence anywhere, gather what you can: leases, bank statements, travel records.

4. 04

   Employment contract

   Why it matters

   It evidences the cause of the move: employment ordered or accepted before you became resident.

   Where to get it

   Your employer. If it is in another language, keep a translation ready in case AEAT asks for it.

   The usual mistake

   A contract dated after you already lived in Spain, which suggests the move came first and the job second.

5. 05

   Evidence of remote work for the foreign employer

   Why it matters

   AEAT needs to see that the work is done remotely for a foreign employer, not for a Spanish client or branch.

   Where to get it

   An employer letter authorising work from Spain, the remote-work clause in your contract, or the nomad permit itself.

   The usual mistake

   Vague letters. It should name the employer, state that the work is done remotely from Spain, and be signed and dated.

Family moving with you? Add the family documents: each member applies separately. Civil registry of the country of issue, apostilled and translated where required, plus each member’s Social Security or registration date.

Particular to this route

• Non-EU citizens: the nomad permit under Law 14/2013 is both your right to live in Spain and the strongest evidence of the route. Apply for it with the tax election in mind, not as a separate project.
• EU citizens do not need the permit but do need evidence: a letter from the employer authorising work from Spain, the remote-work clause in the contract, or both.
• Who pays Social Security decides which document starts your clock. A foreign employer with no Spanish entity usually registers in Spain to pay contributions, or keeps you in your home system with a coverage certificate where an agreement allows it. Get this settled early: it is the date everything else hangs on.

When to have what

1. 01

   Before the move

   Gather the proof of residence abroad for the last five years, request the NIE and start the digital certificate. These three take the longest and none depends on your employer.

2. 02

   Registration day

   Write the date down. Run it through the deadline calculator and put the due date, and a date four weeks earlier, in your calendar.

3. 03

   Weeks 1 to 4

   Assemble the route documents: contract, letters, company papers. Order translations where needed. Decide whether you file yourself or through a professional.

4. 04

   Well before month 6

   File Modelo 149. There is no advantage in waiting and every week of margin absorbs a paperwork problem.

5. 05

   After approval

   Give AEAT’s certificate to your employer so withholding drops to 24%. From then on you file Modelo 151 each year instead of the standard return.

Frequently asked questions